Aiyar-appar temple at Thiruvaiyaru

This Shiva temple is the first in sapta-sthana temples. The temple is located at Thiruvaiyaru and Tanjavur district of TamilNadu on the banks of the river Kaveri. The temple is also known as Pancha-nadishwarar temple as this place is surrounded by 5 rivers namely – Arisilaru, Venna-aru, Vetta-aru, Kudumurrutti-aru and river Kaveri. In Tamil, “ai” means five (i.e. Pancha). “Aru” means river that is “nadi”. So Pancha-nadishwarar means Lord of 5 rivers. This temple is about 2000 years old. 

Moolavar: Aiyarappar, Pancha-nadishwarar

Devi: Dharma-samwardhini

Tirtha: Surya pushkarini

Old name: Thiruvaiyaru

This place is as holy as Varanasi for taking holy dip. This is one of the 6 most sacred places (Shiva sthalas) on the bank of river Kaveri. The other 5 places are – Thiruvenkadu, Thiruchakkau (Chaya vanam), Mayil-adu-thurai, Thiruvidai-maruthur and Thiruvanchiam. The place is considered as Dakshin Kailash. The Shiva linga is swayambhoo. 

The Dhyan mandap in the temple is built with lime and palm jaggery known as Kuruppai in Tamil. We can still come across the four pits in which above material was stored and gold, silver coins were kept as wages for the workers when the temple was being built. The temple has about 5 corridors (prakarams) and the raja-gopuram is seven tiered. The temple spans about 14-15 acres land. We come across the shrine of Somaskandha and Japesa (Kuki) mandap in the 2nd corridor. The idol of Lord Dakshinamurti in this temple is known as Shiva-yoga-dakshina-murti. He has special significance as he is only guru, worshipped by Lord Vishnu (known as Perumal in Tamil) in TamilNadu. So, Lord Dakshinamurti is also known as Hari-ooru -Shiva-yoga-Dakshina-murti. At the feet of Lord Dakshinamurti, we find a tortoise instead of the usual demon – Muyalagan (symbol of ignorance). 

It is believed that when Dharma is followed by women, the benefits are double than those done by men. To indicate this fact, the Godmother here is known as Dharma Samwardhini. There is no shrine for Maha Vishnu at this place (in this area) as mother Dharma Samwardhini is praised as Lord Maha Vishnu. There is a general belief in south that ashtami tithi of new moon are not auspicious. In order to indicate that all days are auspicious and same, wedding festival of Ambika is performed on the night of Ashtami in this temple. This place is also considered as shakti peetha of Ambika. 

One cannot do pradakshina around sanctum sanctorum of Lord Shiva. It is believed that Lord Shiva has his hair spread on the floor of (at the back of) sanctum sanctorum. As one cannot tread over this, the pradakshina is prohibited. 

The sacred tirtha Surya Pushkarini has also a special significance. It is because, this is considered as a Surya sthala where Surya has worshipped Lord Shiva. He is facing the West. 

There is a separate shrine for Kala-samhara-murti known as Aalkondar. Outside this shrine, we have a homa-kunda (sacred fire pit) installed by Adi-Shankaracharya. 

There are spots in the temple which produce echos of primordial (nada-bramha) sound notes. In the 3rd prakara, if one stands in the southwest corner facing North and calls Aiyarappar loudly, the sound reverberates. The west facing temple has beautiful sculptures of deities of Ardha-narishwarar and Lord Dakshinamurti besides other koshta murtis. We also come across the shrines of Lord Ganesha, Lord Subramania, Lord Nandikeshwar and saint Tyagaraja. 

Kshetra puran: Shaiva saint Tirunavukarasar when on a pilgrimage to mount Kailash, encountered lot of difficulties on the way. Lord Shiva made him to take a dip in a pond by submerging himself. When Tirunavukarasar emerged from the tank, he found himself at Thiruvaiyarur and Lord gave him darshana of Mount Kailash at this place (Thiruvaiyarur).

A devotee named as Sucharitan was saved by Lord Shiva from untimely death like sage Markendeya by appearing as a column of light at this place. He killed Yama in the process. So Lord Shiva is known as Aalkondeshwarar. People burn benzoin (Kungiliyam in Tamil) outside the shrine under the belief that they can get rid of the fear of Yama. It is believed that the sage Agastya got his dwarf structure at this place. 

Ambika is believed to have worshipped Lord Shiva with 2 measures of grains. 

According to kshetra puran the chariot of the King who ruled this place got stuck while passing through this place. While excavating the land around the wheels of chariot, the workers found Shiva Linga. When they continued excavating further, they came across idols of Lord Ganesha, Lord Subramanya, Goddess Dharma samwardhini and Lord Nandi-deva. They also came across a sage who was sitting in deep meditation. When the saint came out of meditation, he ordered the king to build the temple and utilize the wealth under Nandi-dev’s hoof. 

According to another kshetra puran, a priest was unable to be present for performing pooja at a particular time as he was away on a pilgrimage. It was reported to the king, who came personally to check the fact. He was surprised to find the priest performing the pooja. The priest returned to the temple next day and everyone including king were astonished. They realized that, Lord himself had come to perform the pooja as the priest for Himself. 

Near this Shiva temple is one room house of saint Tyagaraja where he composed some great works of Karnatik music. On the bank of the river his samadhi was built. A number of people converge on a particular day (samadhi) at this place and perform the music festival of the Karnatik music composed by the great saint. Nearby this samadhi, there are the samadhis of saint Shiva Prakash swamigal and Naga-ratna-amma. She was responsible for locating and renovating the samadhi of saint Tyagaraja. 

Festivals & worships at this place: 

1. Daily six pujas

2. New moon festival – On every new moon the utsav murti of Aiyarappar is taken to the bank of river Kaveri for worship

3. Nandi’s marriage known as Thirukalyanam in the Tamil month of Panguni is performed at Tirumazappadi

4. In the Tamil month of Chitrai (April-May) Bramhotsav is held

5. In the Tamil month of Chitrai (April-May) sapta sthana utsav is held 

6. In the Tamil month of Aavani (Sept-Oct) on mula nakshatra float festival is held

7. In the Tamil month of Aadi (Aug-Sept) Appar festival is held

8. Mahashivaratri festival is held in the Tamil month of Masi (Feb-Mar)

Shiva temple at Thirumazhapadi

This is the place where Nandi’s marriage took place. This Shiva temple is located very close to Thiruvaiaru at Thirumazhapadi in Ariyalur district of TamilNadu. It is about 45 Kms from Trichi. It is one of the 276 Shiva temples revered by the Shaiva saints Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar. This temple is on the Northern bank of river Kaveri.

This temple was build by Chola and Pandya kings and the temple must be 2000 years old.

Mulavar: Vaidyanadar Swami, Mazhuvadi-eshwar, Vayirathoon (Vajra-sthamba) Eshwar.

Devi: Sundar-ambika, Balambika

Kshetra vruksha: Palm tree (Panai in Tamil)

Sacred tirtha: Kollidam river, Laxmi tirtha, Shivaganga tirtha

Puranik name: Mazhawadi

The Shiva linga in this temple is swayambhoo. The temple is spread over 10 acres and has a lot of coconut and palm trees. It is surrounded by Sugarcane and Paddy fields. The Rajagopuram is facing the east and it is 7 tiered (about 108 feet tall). There is 2nd gopuram which is 5 tiered and about 80 feet tall.

Kolidam river flows towards the North but changes its course towards the South at this place.

About the idols and other shrines:

Idols of Somaskandha (in a single stone), Lord Dakshinamoorthy in vrushaba vahan, Ardhanarishwarar, Gajasamhar Moorthy, Purusha mruga rishi and Mahalaxmi worshiping the Lord are in separate part of the temple. Shiva did a tandav known as Mazhuva tandav (Mazhu is the name of type of battle axe in Tamil) for sage Markandeya. On the gopuams the puranik stories of Lord Shiva are depicted. In artha mandap (entrance hall), Lord Shiva’s idol is found with a battle axe in the right hand, a spear and a row in the other hand to contain Yama from taking away the life of Sage Markendeya. There are 2 shrines of Goddess Parvati namely Sundarambika and Balambika. In a separate shrine, Parvati, Subramanya and Lord Dakshinamoorthy are housed made from a single stone. In the shrine of Lord Bramha there are 4 Nandis, representing 4 vedas. There are 2 Lord Dakshinamoorthy shrines and a shrine of Kartikeya. There is a separate shrine of Nandi. The Navagrahas are bundled in a small square between Nandi and Shiva Linga outside the sanctum sanctorum. People light lamp and worship the Navagrahas in this pit as there’s no separate shrine for Navgraha. There are five Nandis in front of sanctum sanctorum. A 100 pillars mandap known as Somaskanda mandap houses the shrine of Nataraja.

Kshetra puran:

Sage Shilada performed severe penance to invoke Lord Shiva at Thiruvaiaru for a child boon. Lord advised him to perform putra kameshti yagnya. While tilling the land, the sage came across a box containing a child with three eyes, four shouders and a crescent moon. Shocked by this sight, sage closed the box hurriedly. On opening the box again, he found a beautiful normal child whom he named as JAPESAR (Nandi deva). Two celestial angles told the sage that the boy will live only for 16 years. At the age of 14, Japesar came to know about his fate. He did severe penance to please Lord Shiva.

Appreciating his penance, Lord gave him longevity. Later on he got him married to Suyas-ambika at this place. Japesar continued his penance on Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva made him the chief of Shiva ganas and made him the main guard of Kailash. He named him Nandi deva.

Sage Purusha Mruga Rishi, established Shiva shrine at this place. Lord Bramha was unable to uproot it as he felt jealous. So the deity is known as Vajra stambha moorthy.

Those who worshiped at this place: 

Nandi dev, Lord Vishnu, Goddess Laxmi, Lord Indra, Sage Markandeya, Sage known as Purusha Maharshi

Festivals:

1. In the Tamil month of Masi, Ratha festival is held.

2. Tamil month of masi, Mahashivatri is celebrated

3. Anna-abhishek in the Tamil month of Aippasi (Oct-Nov)

4. Deepam festival in the month of Kartikai.

5. Sapta sthanam festival in the month of Chitrai (April-May)

Temples of Sapta Sthanam and Sapta Sthanam festivals

There are eight places, around Thiru-Vaiyaru along the banks of river Kauveri, which are related to the marriage of Nandi (Lord Shiva’s mount). Lord Shiva arranged the marriage of Nandideva with Swayambikai. It is believed that the marriage took place at Thirumazhapadi near Thiruvaiyaru in the Tamil month of Panguni (Mar-Apr) on the day of Punarvasu nakshatra. For this marriage, Lord Shiva arranged the fruits from Thirupazhanam, food from Thiruchotruthurai, vedic brahmins from  Thiruvedhikudi, ornaments from Thirukkandiyur, flowers and garlands from Thirupanturuthi and ghee for the homa (yadnya) from Thiruneithaanam.

The upcoming eight articles will be about the eight temples which are connected to the sapta sthanam and marriage.

Saptha Sthanam festival: 

To commemorate this event, a festival is conducted every year at Thiruvaiyaru during the Tamil month of Chithirai (Chitra which happens between mid-April to mid-May) on Vishakha nakshatra.

The Utsava murtis of principal deities from these temples are brought in seven glass palanquins (palkhi) to Thiruvaiyaru. First, the palanquins containing the Utsava murtis, Nandi and his wife start from Thiruvaiyaru and go to the 2nd temple. At the border of the 2nd temple they are received by deities (Utsava murtis) from the 2nd temple. After performing the pooja at this place, all the Utsava Moorthy including from 2nd temple go to 3rd temple. Again they are received at the border of the village by Utsava murtis from 3rd village. In this manner all the Utsava murtis from all the seven temples assemble at the seventh temple and then they come back to the main temple at Thiruvaiyaru. They are paraded there and a ritual known as Poochorithal (showering of flowers) is conducted. In this festival a doll offers the flowers to the principal deities in their palanquins. After this the palanquins leave for their respective temples.